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Panemunys Ancient Defensive Fortification

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The Panemunys Defensive Fortification, located on a hill rising 11 meters above the river, is a unique historical site dating back to the 16th–17th centuries. This area played a crucial role during conflicts with the Swedes, notably in 1625 when Panemunys became a battleground and suffered destruction by fire. The fortifications were rebuilt and reused for defense, as documented in Augustinian chronicles. Today, visitors can observe a rectangular platform with remnants of a rampart, moat, and ruins of three walls. Panemunys captivates not only tourists but also archaeologists, as evidence suggests it might have been reconstructed on an ancient hillfort. This is a site where legend and history intertwine.

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Mounds
Rokiškis Tourism Information Center

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The Panemunys defensive fortifications are a significant part of Lithuania’s history, dated to the 16th–17th centuries. Strategically located 11 meters above the river, this site was integral to the Panemunys district. During the Swedish invasions of 1625, the fortifications served a critical role in battles, though Panemunys was ultimately destroyed by fire. Despite this, the fortifications were reconstructed and used again, as recorded in Augustinian chronicles, which mention 80 cavalrymen and additional defenders stationed at the hillfort. Today, the Panemunys fortification site retains traces of a rectangular platform surrounded by ramparts and a deep moat. The defensive structure resembles a redoubt that may have been built atop an older hillfort. The ramparts,

moats, and ruins highlight the site's importance across different historical periods. The remains of three walls are embedded in the northern slope, and the irregularly shaped platform underscores its strategic value. Known locally as the hillfort, the Panemunys fortifications symbolize the historical battles against the Swedes. The site also intrigues historians and archaeologists, who speculate that the nearby manor was once protected by this fortification, which may have been rebuilt on the foundations of an ancient hillfort. Future archaeological studies could reveal even more about this location. Today, Panemunys stands as a significant cultural heritage site in Lithuania, inviting visitors to explore the region's rich history and mysterious past.

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